On the regulatory economy based economic policies, that is economic decision-making. Most often, this term implies, under the country's economic policy, or rather its government. In the economic policy of allocating separate directions, calling them the policies, such as monetary, taxation and fiscal, monetary, industrial policies, etc.
During the implementation of economic policies the country has a different purpose. For developed market economy is, above all, economic growth, full employment, low inflation, positive balance of payments, increasing economic efficiency, increase the welfare of the population, maintaining a high degree of economic freedom for all economic entities, maintaining and improving the natural environment and other purposes. In transition economies are added to the creation of private sector and market infrastructure, the liberalization of economic life, etc.
But the problem is that many of the goals of economic policies contradict each other. Thus, the active fight against inflation usually means a drop in economic growth and strengthening of unemployment. Therefore, depending on the situation priority objectives into economic policies may vary. Usually it depends on what becomes of them (could become) in "sore".
пятница, 4 июля 2008 г.
Positive and normative economic theory
Most of economic theory explains how the economy operates, as a society decide key economic task. She describes, analyzes, but does not give recommendations. This approach is called a positive and analytical part of economic theory - positive economic theory. Thus, the positive economics explains why Russia in the volume of production of goods and services for the 1990-1998's. fell by more than 45%.
In contrast to the positive normative economic theory provides advice, recipes action. Naturally, this is part of economic theory, which causes the greatest controversy among economists. Thus, Russian economists propose very different ways of enhancing economic growth in Russia and addressing key economic challenges.
In contrast to the positive normative economic theory provides advice, recipes action. Naturally, this is part of economic theory, which causes the greatest controversy among economists. Thus, Russian economists propose very different ways of enhancing economic growth in Russia and addressing key economic challenges.
четверг, 3 июля 2008 г.
The notion of economic theory and challenges
Economic theory created and developed by economists of various schools and directions, so its definition is different. The most common can be so: economic theory - it is science on the basics of economic life of society. In turn, economic life - is the work of people associated with the material conditions of their lives.
Economic life (economic activity, economic activity) is based on that, to get the desired benefits society uses economic resources, which in most cases are limited and therefore they should be used as effectively as possible. As he wrote a Nobel laureate in economics Paul Samuelson, in the economy, there are three key tasks:
1. What are the benefits to produce and in what quantities?
2. How to make good, that is what resources and using what technology will produce them?
3. For whom to produce good?
Economic life (economic activity, economic activity) is based on that, to get the desired benefits society uses economic resources, which in most cases are limited and therefore they should be used as effectively as possible. As he wrote a Nobel laureate in economics Paul Samuelson, in the economy, there are three key tasks:
1. What are the benefits to produce and in what quantities?
2. How to make good, that is what resources and using what technology will produce them?
3. For whom to produce good?
Introduction
There are elaborate system of Sciences, who are studying various aspects of business (economic) society. All are based on science, which is now in Russia often referred to as economic theory (often economic science, or simply economies), and in most countries of the world mainly on Greco-Roman style - economy.
среда, 2 июля 2008 г.
INTRODUCTION TO THE THIRD EDITION
Third, revised and updated edition of the textbook has kept the structure and approaches set out in previous editions. The textbook is divided into five sections ( "Fundamentals of economic theory", "Microeconomics", "Macroeconomics", "transitional economy", "World Economy"). Compared to previous editions expanded section "Fundamentals of economic theory" and theoretical aspects of most chapters reflect changes in the economic life of Russia and the world at large. The methodical apparatus textbook (fractional structure of the text, the conclusions on the heads of terms and concepts, a glossary) simplify and organize independent work of students.
The textbook is based on examples and statistics, taken mostly from Russia's economic life. Much attention is paid to its most acute for Russia to economic theory and practice: the role of the state in a transition economy, economic reforms in transition, the special role of foreign economic activity in this period, etc. Therefore, it will be interesting to the broadest segments of readers: those who only began to study economic science, and those who have studied it, not only in schools but also in practice.
The textbook is based on examples and statistics, taken mostly from Russia's economic life. Much attention is paid to its most acute for Russia to economic theory and practice: the role of the state in a transition economy, economic reforms in transition, the special role of foreign economic activity in this period, etc. Therefore, it will be interesting to the broadest segments of readers: those who only began to study economic science, and those who have studied it, not only in schools but also in practice.
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